How to Say "Sorry" in German: A Complete Beginner’s Guide

When learning a new language, one of the most essential phrases to master is how to apologize. In German, there are multiple ways to express “sorry,” depending on the situation and the level of formality required. This guide will walk you through the basics of apologizing in German, and explore seven different ways you can say “sorry” effectively. By the end of this article, you’ll feel confident in using the appropriate phrase for every situation.

Understanding Apologies in German

Before diving into the specific phrases, it’s essential to understand that German, like many other languages, offers several ways to express an apology. The nuances of each phrase can vary depending on context, tone, and how formal or casual the conversation is. In German, apologies can be formal, polite, or casual, so learning the right form will help you navigate various social and professional situations.

Let’s begin by exploring the seven best ways to say “sorry” in German, ranging from the most formal to casual expressions, and when to use them effectively.

1. Entschuldigung

(“Excuse me” / “Sorry”)

Pronunciation: [en-tschul-di-gung]

“Entschuldigung” is the most common and versatile way to say “sorry” in German. It translates to “excuse me” or “sorry,” depending on the context. You can use it in formal and informal settings, making it suitable for various situations. For example, if you accidentally bump into someone on the street, you would say “Entschuldigung.”

This phrase can express mild regret, ask for someone’s attention, or apologize for minor inconveniences. Here’s how you might use it:

In public: “Entschuldigung, können Sie mir helfen?” (Excuse me, can you help me?)
For a small mistake: “Entschuldigung, das war mein Fehler.” (Sorry, that was my mistake.)

The beauty of this phrase is its simplicity and flexibility, making it the go-to apology for beginners.

2. Es tut mir leid

(“I’m sorry”)

Pronunciation: [es toot meer lyte]

“Es tut mir leid” is one of the most common and heartfelt ways to express genuine remorse. This phrase directly translates to “It causes me sorrow” or “I’m sorry.” Use this when you truly feel regretful about something more serious or emotional, such as hurting someone’s feelings or making a significant mistake.

Example scenarios include:

Personal apologies: “Es tut mir leid, dass ich dich verletzt habe.” (I’m sorry that I hurt you.)
Serious mistakes: “Es tut mir leid, dass ich zu spät gekommen bin.” (I’m sorry I arrived late.)

When you need to convey deeper regret, “Es tut mir leid” is the most appropriate phrase to use. It’s also widely understood in any German-speaking country and suitable for both personal and professional settings.

3. Verzeihung

(“Pardon” / “Forgive me”)

Pronunciation: [fer-tsai-hoong]

“Verzeihung” is a formal and somewhat old-fashioned way to say “pardon” or “forgive me.” It is a bit more polite than “Entschuldigung” and is often used in formal settings, such as in business environments or when addressing elders.

Though not as commonly used in casual conversations, it’s helpful to know for situations where you want to show extra politeness or humility. For instance, if you interrupt someone in a meeting, you could say “Verzeihung” to soften the interruption.

Examples:

Formal settings: “Verzeihung, ich wollte Sie nicht stören.” (Pardon me, I didn’t mean to disturb you.)
Business context: “Verzeihung, dass ich das Meeting unterbrochen habe.” (Forgive me for interrupting the meeting.)

While “Verzeihung” is less common in everyday speech, it’s still valuable in professional or formal circumstances.

4. Mein Fehler

(“My mistake”)

Pronunciation: [mine fay-lar]

“Mein Fehler” is a straightforward and honest way to admit fault, meaning “my mistake” or “my fault.” This phrase is perfect for situations where you want to acknowledge responsibility for something that went wrong, especially in casual or work-related settings.

Examples of usage:

Work context: “Das war mein Fehler. Ich werde es korrigieren.” (That was my mistake. I will fix it.)
Casual context: “Oh, das war mein Fehler. Entschuldigung!” (Oh, that was my mistake. Sorry!)

“Mein Fehler” shows that you are willing to take responsibility for your actions, which is always appreciated in personal and professional relationships.

5. Ich entschuldige mich

(“I apologize”)

Pronunciation: [ikh en-tschul-di-ge mikh]

“Ich entschuldige mich” is a formal phrase that translates to “I apologize.” This is best used in official or serious settings where a more formal apology is required. It demonstrates a strong sense of accountability and is perfect for written apologies, business communication, or serious interpersonal disputes.

Examples:

Formal apology: “Ich entschuldige mich für die Unannehmlichkeiten.” (I apologize for the inconvenience.)
Professional setting: “Ich entschuldige mich für den Fehler im Bericht.” (I apologize for the mistake in the report.)

This phrase is highly respectful and shows a sincere intention to make amends. Use it when a higher level of formality is required.

6. Ich bitte um Entschuldigung

(“I ask for forgiveness” / “Please excuse me”)

Pronunciation: [ikh bit-te oom en-tschul-di-gung]

“Ich bitte um Entschuldigung” is another formal way to say “I ask for forgiveness” or “I beg your pardon.” This is generally used when you want to offer a very polite or serious apology, especially in formal business or social situations.

Examples of usage:

Business setting: “Ich bitte um Entschuldigung für die Verzögerung.” (I ask for forgiveness for the delay.)
Serious mistakes: “Ich bitte um Entschuldigung für mein Verhalten.” (I ask for forgiveness for my behavior.)

This phrase conveys both respect and humility and is often used to apologize for more serious or formal matters.

7. Tut mir echt leid

(“I’m really sorry”)

Pronunciation: [toot meer ekht lyte]

“Tut mir echt leid” is a more casual and colloquial way to say “I’m really sorry.” It is commonly used among friends, family, or in informal conversations where you want to express sincere regret but in a more relaxed tone.

Examples:

Casual setting: “Tut mir echt leid, dass ich zu spät bin!” (I’m really sorry that I’m late!)
Among friends: “Tut mir echt leid, dass das passiert ist.” (I’m really sorry that happened.)

It’s a great way to show genuine remorse in a casual way, especially when speaking with people you know well.

How to Choose the Right Apology in German

Choosing the right apology depends on the situation and the level of formality involved. Here’s a quick guide to help you decide:

For everyday situations: Use “Entschuldigung” or “Tut mir echt leid” for casual, minor mistakes.
For more serious apologies: Opt for “Es tut mir leid” or “Ich entschuldige mich” when you need to express sincere regret.
In formal settings: Use “Ich bitte um Entschuldigung” or “Verzeihung” for professional or formal circumstances.
Admitting fault: Use “Mein Fehler” to take responsibility in both casual and professional settings.

Conclusion: Mastering Apologies in German

Apologizing is an essential part of communication, and knowing how to say “sorry” correctly in German can help you navigate social, professional, and personal situations more smoothly. Whether you’re making a casual apology with “Entschuldigung” or offering a more formal apology with “Ich entschuldige mich,” having these phrases in your vocabulary is a valuable asset.

By mastering these seven ways to say “sorry” in German, you’ll be better equipped to handle various situations, express genuine remorse, and build better relationships with German speakers. Remember, the key is to choose the phrase that best fits the context and level of formality. Happy learning, and good luck with your German journey!